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Almost 400 years ago, America's early European colonists voted to tax each household in Boston about $70 in today's money.
大约400年前，美国早期的欧洲殖民者投票决定向波士顿的每个家庭征税，税额大约是今天的70美元。
The money was used to buy a local farm.
这笔钱被用来购买当地的一个农场。
The plan was to use it as a common area for the public.
该计划是将其用作公共区域。
That is how Boston Common, in the state of Massachusetts, became America's first public park.
这就是马萨诸塞州的波士顿公园成为美国第一个公共公园的过程。
Liz Vizza is president of the Friends of the Public Garden, an organization that supports Boston Common.
利兹·维扎是支持波士顿公园的公共花园之友组织的主席。
She noted that Bostonians did not have backyards – private outdoor spaces behind their homes.
她指出，波士顿人没有后院——他们家后面的私人户外空间。
Boston Common, she said, became "their front yard and backyard and common ground. It was a place that everybody owned."
她说，波士顿公园成了“他们的前院、后院和公共场所。这是一个属于所有人的地方。”
On any given day, colonists walking though Boston Common would see soldiers setting up camp or their neighbors taking walks.
在任何一天，在波士顿公园行走的殖民者都会看到士兵扎营或他们的邻居散步。
They may also have seen public punishments.
他们可能也看到了公开的惩罚。
Presidents George Washington and John Adams also visited the park.
乔治·华盛顿总统和约翰·亚当斯总统也参观了这个公园。
Visitors would have seen cows, because everyone had the right to keep one cow per household in the area.
游客会看到奶牛，因为每个人都有权在该地区每户家庭的所属地上饲养一头奶牛。
Today, visitors will find dogs instead of cows in the 20-hectare park.
如今，游客在这个占地20公顷的公园里可以看到狗而不是牛。
The cows became outlawed in 1830 as Boston Common became more of a place for recreation.
由于波士顿公园逐渐变成娱乐场所，奶牛在1830年被禁止饲养。
Friends of the Public Garden estimates that Boston Common sees 7 million visitors each year.
公共花园之友估计，波士顿公园每年接待游客700万人次。
"Boston Common is a central stage of civic life in Boston and it's been that center stage of civic life for hundreds of years, ever since it began as a park in 1634," Vizza said.
维扎说：“波士顿公园是波士顿市民生活的中心舞台，自1634年作为公园开门以来，数百年来它一直是市民生活的中心舞台。”
"America's oldest park is a place where we come to celebrate, we come to protest, we come to find a place alone," she added.
“美国最古老的公园是一个我们来庆祝的地方，我们来抗议的地方，我们来寻找单独待着的地方，”她补充道。
Boston Common is home to several large pieces of art.
波士顿公园拥有几件大型艺术品。
They include "The Embrace," a sculpture that shows civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. holding his wife, Coretta Scott King.
其中包括“拥抱”，这是一座雕塑，展示了民权领袖马丁·路德·金和妻子科雷塔·斯科特·金拥抱的场景。
The Brewer Fountain was the park's first public piece of art.
布鲁尔喷泉是该公园的第一件公共艺术品。
It won the top award at the 1855 World's Fair in Paris, France.
它在1855年法国巴黎世博会上获得了最高奖项。
The pieces of art found on the Common may soon change to include a wider selection of subjects.
在波士顿公园里发现的艺术品可能很快就会包含更广泛的主题选择。
Vizza said, "We want people to look at it with new eyes and just have a deeper understanding and respect and awareness of the history."
维扎说，“我们希望人们用新的眼光来看待它，就会对历史有更深的理解、尊重和认识。”
That history includes the native Massachusett tribe, the first people to live where the Common is now.
这段历史包括马萨诸塞州的土著部落，他们是第一批居住在如今的波士顿公园的人。
The state of Massachusetts is named after the Massachusett people.
马萨诸塞州是以马萨诸塞州人命名的。
Vizza said, "People have lived on this land for 12,000 years.
维扎说：“人们在这片土地上生活了1.2万年。
So, we do want to think about colonial America because that's a fascinating story for us.
因此，我们确实会研究殖民时期的美国，因为这对我们来说是一个迷人的故事。
But what's an even more fascinating story is to peel those layers open to think about the Native Americans living here."
但更迷人的故事是剥离这些层面研究生活在这里的美洲原住民。”
Vizza's team is working with tribal members to develop a piece to recognize the Massachusett tribe.
维扎的团队正在与部落成员合作开发一个可以识别马萨诸塞州部落的作品。
They hope to have something in place by 2026, when America will celebrate its 250th birthday.
他们希望到2026年美国庆祝其250岁生日的时候能完成这个作品。
I'm Ashley Thompson.
阿什利·汤普森为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
